Tourist Mementos

Just taking flight to Porlamar triggers reflections. Flying over Cubagua, what a good place!... to set up the mother of all "Surviving" episodes, placing 10,000 ultra pro and 10,000 ultra against Chavistas and letting them, unarmed, negotiate an islet project.

I landed at the Porlamar International Airport and speculated on the impact that a photo would have for Joe W. from Texas, a fan of adventure tourism, where “Er Arcarde” [the local mayor] gave him, for his personal use, a latest model Cavim bulletproof vest.

At the airport I confirm that the “duty free” type stores, which in the whole world mean high prices, are camouflaged and do not stand out in a “duty free” area and I remember having proposed to tax “L'Aisla” with very high taxes, to then encourage tax evasion tourism, thus reclaiming its venerable smuggling tradition. For Hans from Hamburg, there should be no antelope head that can compete with a tax evasion certificate issued by the Chamber of Commerce.

And following the same vein, imagine the shy and obedient Lisa from Birmingham, taking a photo “negotiating with the authorities”, with that fat traffic guy who always stopped me at the intersection of Rómulo Gallegos and Los Ruices.

Hans and Helga, the environmentalists from Amsterdam, will remember their protests in front of the power plants that burn oil, because of the geniuses who prefer to cross the Gran Sabana with a power line, to sell our hydroelectricity to Brazil, cheaper than the one we bought to Colombia.

Frank from Boston will be able to visit the Miss Venezuela museum, that should be built; and Moníque from Cannes, could rebuild her ego in Playa El Agua, noting that there are still those who are not indifferent to her uncovered parts.

Finally, and as a great departure gift, everyone will find in their hotel, bound in leather, a copy of the Official Gazette of July 15, 1998, which contains Instruction No. 1 for the Public Servant, which among others, in Article 19 forces the use of “You”, prohibiting familiarities, such as “my love”.

Some time ago I read the label of a soft drink, which proudly proclaimed “Guaranteed 100% artificial” and learned about the importance of mental attitude. Frankly, Margarita is too much of an Island to follow the same route as the others in the Caribbean, where, even on the souvenir flannels we can read, “Different Island...same shit....”

http://alborotandoturismo.blogspot.com/2001/08/momentos-turisticos.html

The Oil Cruiser (Making Venezuela competitive)

In December 1999, unleaded gasoline in the UK was being sold for the equivalent of Bs. 763 per liter. Out of this amount, Bs. 118 went to the producer who sacrifices a non-renewable resource. Bs. 37 to the distributor, and Bs. 608 to the UK taxman’s coffers in the form of various types of taxes.

The value of something is simply what the buyer is willing to pay for it. It is clear that in the above case, the producer of the oil is only able to extract a minimal portion of the value of the same, i.e. 16%. This should theoretically oblige him to take action. 

The first and foremost, is to protest and fight against the indiscriminate and confiscatory taxes most countries that consume oil and its derivatives impose on it. In this sense, I am doing what I can through an organization called Petropolitan. Today, however, I wish to refer to other possibilities of extracting more value from oil.

I heard while watching a documentary, that a large cruise ship crossing the Atlantic consumes about US$ 80,000 worth of fuel oil per day. I am not sure when this documentary was produced, but there is no doubt that the cost of oil is of vital importance, both for cruise ships as well as for airlines.

Interested in the subject, I managed to get hold of a copy of a report that detailed by name and dates the different cruise ships that are to visit a particular island in the Caribbean during the month of January 2000. 

With the help of a Cruise Guide I studied the list and obtained the following results:

During the month of January of this year, 54 cruise ships were scheduled to visit the island of Saint Martin, some of them more than once. 

These ships represent a basic population of 92,846 passengers (two per cabin) who are cared for by a total of 39,345 crewmembers. Upon visiting the island, they get to know it, they buy things, they eat and drink, they re-supply the ship, and in general, they put the island on the tourism map.

Worldwide, the cruise industry sells more than eight million tourism packages per year (5.5 million in the United States alone), based on a fleet of almost 300 ships or which 85 have a capacity to accommodate more than 1,000 passengers.

I ask myself if it would be possible, by using our oil intelligently, to introduce Venezuela to this market and thereby manage to obtain higher yields from our oil sales than we are getting at this moment.

For example, we could come to agreements which would guarantee that each ship that docks at two Venezuelan ports and stays a minimum of 6 hours at one and 18 hours at another, has the right to take on fuel at a preferential price not greater than the marginal production cost and in quantities adjusted to the number of passengers each ship carries.

Evidently, preferential prices for fuel oil do not guarantee success. There is no doubt that passengers must want to come to Venezuela in the first place. I am sure, however, that if we were to put into place a plan like this which could be effectively sold to the owners of the cruise lines and that somehow guarantees traffic for a period of ten years, investment would immediately begin to flow towards the required infrastructure and Venezuela could achieve the required specialization in order to compete with other destinations.

I do not think anyone in rest of the Caribbean would object to this program, since the only thing that can result is an increase in tourism activity in the entire area, which would benefit everyone.

It is also possible to extend the benefits of a plan such as this one to the aviation sector. I can envisage packages, which would enable tourists to fly from New York to Porlamar in Margarita, to stay at a hotel for a week and then go back on a cruise ship.

The proposed might help to reverse the oil sector’s low job creation capacity. One employee in the tourism industry mentioned the fact that during the winter months, some Canadian cruise lines concentrated their activity in Miami. He referred to this as a “shot in the arm” for the Miami economy. I do not wish to exaggerate the possible impact of a program such as the one described here, but honestly, if Miami’s economy needs a shot in the arm, doesn't Venezuela's?

With our geographic advantages, our oil and a bit of will, Venezuela could surely become the southern capital for cruise lines in the Caribbean. This could probably be achieved without using our oil, but why not make the best use of a comparative advantage?

https://alborotandoturismo.blogspot.com/2000/01/el-crucero-petrolero.html

It’s electricity Margarita needs

I haven't even moved to Margarita (about 15 years to go) and already I must ask my readers to bear with me because, once again, I just have to write about something related to the Island. I believe my reasons will be understood.  

This week we witnessed in the press the first skirmish resulting from the privatization of the electricity sector of Margarita, a process I have always, publicly, held as fundamentally flawed. Of course, the system broke down and the submarine cable, 22 years old and never really maintained, refused to cooperate with the new owners.

By sheer coincidence, this week I saw the publication of a series of impressive photos showing the advance of the construction of the power lines to Brazil and read about the new government's commitment to reinitiate in 10 to 14 weeks, the privatization of other electricity companies, hoping that way to raise more funds.

I will not only repeat myself I will also do it shamelessly by quoting from my own articles. There is no "I told you so" intentions but just the need to show that all the current issues were well known, at that time. In February 98, in an article named electricity to Brazil I wrote: 

"I am convinced that if we are to invest in transmission lines, Margarita for one, is probably much more deserving than Brazil. I simply don’t understand how and why an important pole of development for the country such as Margarita is being forced into more expensive generation systems such as, for example, the time-worn idea of a gas pipeline from the mainline to the island, while we are simultaneously developing mega-projects in order to export power to Brazil.

You don’t have to be an expert in environmental affairs to suspect that a 217 Km. suspended power line which must be supported by 512 towers, each of them 36 meters high, spread out through environmentally sensitive areas such as the Canaima National Park, the Imataca Forest Reserve and the Southern Protection Zone of the State of Bolívar, must have serious implications. It is not enough to assert that there will be special care taken to camouflage the towers in order to reduce contrast with the horizon.

I propose that we study the possibility of a swap. A new power distribution system for Margarita, via suspended lines and or submarine cables, in exchange for a gas pipeline (underground) to Brazil. The latter can then build it’s own power plants wherever and whenever it sees fit."

This line of reasoning had its origin in an article published June 1997 and where I, with some vehemence expressed:  "I would consider it unjust if the Island of Margarita ended up paying the highest tariffs in the world for its energy just to satisfy the need to offer an acceptable return to an investor who would not only be required to invest serious amounts of resources in an expansion and investment plan, but also to maximize the income for CADAFE, FIV or any other state entity."

Then I wrote about 4 articles more up until September 1998 when SENE was finally privatized and the results were (for me) much worse than expected. Again I quote myself "If Cadafe and FIV say they would have been happy with the base price of US$ 35 million, why then, will they take the US$ 55 million premium away from the island? We must remember that the entire US$ 90 million, and specially the premium of US$ 55 million, will be ultimately footed by Margarita’s population" 

Although I had wanted that the concession had been sold for 1 US$ so as to obtain more reasonable rates, as a remedy I suggested in that article that at least the US$ 55 million premium be retained by the island" for the submarine cable, a new pipeline of potable water, or any other need. But, that was not to be.

In response to the government's euphoria I also wrote " We obviously understand the laughter and back slapping by State officials. We can almost hear them say “Marvelous. We have gotten rid of the responsibility of the supply of power to the island. On top of this, we have received a front-end tax payment of US$ 90 million on top of all the other taxes we will be able to charge in the future! Nobody was the wiser for it! What a deal! Let’s do the next one!” - And that is, to the tune of a minimum US$ 700 Million, what they are announcing now.

Today we can still try to mend it or at least, not make it worse. First of all, reading that the current owner of SENE is interested in the gas pipe to Margarita, let's make it perfectly clear to him that the island, as the rest of the country, is not interested in gas per se but inexpensive electricity and that in Venezuela, until now, this has meant hydro electricity. If gas is finally imposed Margarita should at least request a supply contract of gas, valid for 50 years, and at a price equal to marginal cost.

An alternative is for Margarita to have first recourse over the new funds the government will receive from the new privatization in order to recover the full US$ 90 million that was diverted from the island, and to help pay for the submarine cable that should have been put in place before privatizing in Margarita. And of course, renegotiate the whole tariff structure.

Daily Journal, Caracas, July 6, 1999

http://suombudsmanelectrico.blogspot.com/1999/07/its-electricity-margarita-needs.html

A true fountain of inspiration

I recently learned of the demolition of the famous Hotel Fuenti, located on the beautiful coast of Amalfi in Italy. This structure had become a symbol of what seems to be known as environmental "abusivismo” in Italy. At least this is what comes out of the automatic translator I use when navigating Italian web sites. I am sure that this case is fascinating to those who are interested in administrative law or in the study of Italian society. To begin with, this case has been around for the last thirty years.

The demolition of 34,000 square meters of reinforced concrete structure is no small matter anywhere. Exactly how these measures are approved and taken in order to effectively defend the environmental rights of a society or an individual without resulting in legal "abusivismo” is a challenge to one’s imagination.

I am sure that most of us, without going into much more detail, are absolutely sure that whatever the legal regulations the promoters of the Fuenti violated, there are thousands of worse violations that will never suffer this drastic fate.

On the other hand, most of us will probably not shed too many tears over what may be a total injustice that the Fuenti’s owners are being subjected to. One explanation of the above may be what one could call the Fuenti’s high Visual Contamination Index (VCI).

In order to understand the VCI, let us imagine that we can assign points to the ugliness of any structure, ten points for the ugliest to 1 point for the least ugly. Likewise, we could assign points for the relevance or beauty of its location, from one point for the most insignificant to ten points for the most beautiful and relevant. By multiplying both rankings, we can obtain the VCI. In the Fuenti case, if we assign an eight for ugliness and multiply this by an eight for the beauty and relevance of its location, we obtain a total score of 64. This apparently is enough to send the structure to the gallows.

Does this seem easy and fair? Not necessarily. Imagine trying to get two Italians to come to an agreement about the assignation of points for beauty and relevance!

I sincerely hope that the case of the Hotel Fuenti will serve as an inspiration so that we can begin to confront the serious problems of visual contamination that occur in Venezuela, specially on the Island of Margarita.

Playa El Angel, Playa Guacuco, Playa Anywhere. In all of these we can observe how half-finished structures, like a herd of dinosaur skeletons, provide eyesores to all those who care to pass by. Is it possible that these structures insolently consider that simply because they have suffered an accident, financial or otherwise during the initial construction period, they have the right to contaminate our island. Just as an airplane is required to take on sufficient fuel to get it to its next destination, any construction project should be required to have enough resources to get it to completion.

When you study some of the laws that govern this matter, for example the Urbanization Law, you can find plenty of articles that allow, for one reason or another, authorities to paralyze work on any construction project. Surprisingly, there is no mention whatsoever that refers to the obligation of a project’s promoters to actually finish what they started. Evidently, since the laws are drafted by politicians who are not exactly known for their ability to finish what they started, the word “surprisingly” is probably overdone.

Although I consider the road to the demolition of existing structures to be a dangerous one if based simply on visual contamination, I do believe it is possible to develop a good set of rules to handle half finished projects. Obviously, any law drafted to regulate this matter must guarantee affected parties the right to develop alternatives within a specified period of time (years, not decades!).

We must also analyze those projects that, due to simple lack of use or care are severely deteriorated. We are all aware that fashion once considered that holes in blue jeans were “chic”. Likewise, any amount of building materials has been used to create a rustic look to buildings, mostly with a lot of success. However, when we observe walls that are crumbling due to lack of care or, even worse, to bad construction practices, we do not need rocket science to see that something has gone seriously wrong and that we must find a cure.

With every day that goes by, all aspects of defense of our environment become more and more critical. For an island like Margarita that lives of tourism and that is faced with increasingly heavy competition from other locations, the avoidance of visual contamination is more than critical, it is vital.

http://alborotandoturismo.blogspot.com/1999/06/el-fuenti-una-fuente-de-inspiracion.html

PS. And nowhere will you find a visual contamination like nowadays Margarita LagunaMar. I do not want to show you the pictures, as it breaks my heart.

Margarita as the El Dorado of golden years of tourism

In tourism, as in so many other activities, the correct identification of a market segment and the true specialization in attending to this market is of utmost importance. One prime example of this is Playa El Yaque in Margarita. 

With the help of Mother Nature, this site was identified as a prime spot to develop one particular market, windsurfing. While the rest of the island’s generic tourism sector, which only with a few exceptions lacks any character at all, is suffering through a severe recession, entrepreneurs and hotel operators in Playa El Yaque have found the going much smoother.

I am convinced that one of the principle challenges of our society today is that of creating new and productive jobs for our younger generations, by choosing the right productive sector and designing strategies that will allow us to develop and take advantage of our competitive advantages. 

For Margarita, the industry of rendering services for the elderly presents an interesting option. Whether in tourism, recreation or general care, those living through their "golden years" demand so many services that they represent a real El Dorado, in terms of job creation.

What can Margarita do to explore and capitalize on this opportunity in the name of Venezuela? A lot, I think. Margarita has the people, has good communications and has the perfect natural setting, with calm beaches, absence of hurricanes and a minimum of 280 days of sun per year. Additionally it has the Centro Medico Nueva Esparta (CMNE) and that in my opinion is the ideal place to use as a flagship for the promotion of this new sector.

The CMNE is a hospital with modern and impressive installations located on a hill in La Asuncion, near the Castillo of Santa Rosa. The property currently belongs to Fogade who must soon define what the infrastructure will be used for and who will ultimately own it.

Should CMNE with the help of specialized firms and universities, both foreign and local, be able to truly specialize in the care of the elderly, including medical services, equipment, development of post-graduate courses, nursing schools, recreation and other activities and necessities, I suspect that local authorities will have a very powerful tool with which to attract the required international investment, technology and know-how.

In this respect the value of CMNE would also increase if an annex originally designed to be a Spa was to be finished, thereby making more specialized rooms available. For this purpose perhaps one could use financing packages put together by multilateral agencies and that I believe are already earmarked for tourism infrastructure. 

Nothing I have proposed in this article has been said with the intention of suggesting that the other hospitals and clinics on the island of Margarita are not capable of offering similar or better service than the CMNE. Also none of the above implies that CMNE, "photographed" from another angle, cannot continue to provide valuable support, as an excellent general hospital, to local and international tourists and, of course, to the local population as a whole.

Although CMNE could signify in itself a powerful tool in developing the sector, it is no less true that other institutional efforts are required. One of the peculiarities of tourism for the elderly is that it should not be adventure tourism and requires above average confidence in the quality of the services rendered. The creation of a regulatory board with sufficient authority to oversee and intervene in matters of tariffs and quality of the services offered, should therefore be considered.

If Margarita were to have a CMNE specialized in tending to the elderly as well as a dedicated and qualified Regulatory Board, there would be many opportunities for projects that today are outright impossible without a minimum of institutional support. In my particular case, for example, due to my close connections with Nordic countries, I could very well be interested in developing a small resort designed to cater to the elderly of this particular market, including specialized baths, few stair cases or physical obstacles, nearby flowered areas, etc. 

The island’s Governor, Irene Saez, is without discussion a person with many of the qualifications necessary to take over the vital role of Ambassador of the Island of Margarita to the world. It would be a great shame to miss this opportunity simply because we have not provided the necessary tools that would enable us to be truly competitive in an increasingly complicated market.

How I would like to see Irene take a flashy promotional video on her next trip abroad, packed with images that show how we have successfully joined forces to make Margarita the world’s foremost place to spend some of those golden years... [and among these, some images of the renamed Hospital Santa Rosa.]

http://alborotandoturismo.blogspot.com/1999/05/margarita-el-dorador-del-turismo-de-los.html

Not much added value to the value added tax on Margarita Island

If there is anything that has to do with economics that has been proven with absolute clarity over the last few decades is the unsurpassable capacity of the Venezuelan State to misspend its resources. 

In this sense, an recipe for getting ourselves out of this inherited economic disaster that begins with the transfer of additional resources to the government is utterly incomprehensible to me, and I am a fierce enemy of all new taxation, even more so when we are talking about the Value Added Tax (IVA) that does not provide even the slightest redistribution of income.

However, in the case of the Island of Margarita, I refuse to spend much of my energy in protesting the recently decreed VAT. My reasons? As the say in local argot, what’s one more stripe for a tiger?

In Venezuela today, tourism is the only sector that promises the potential of creating so many externally competitive and productive jobs. The Dominican Republic’s income from tourism during last year was in the neighborhood of US$ 2.5 billion. There is no question that today we should be rallying the entire country around a National Plan for Tourism, centered principally in Margarita.

But no! In September of last year, instead of investing in a submarine cable to Margarita from the mainland so as to be able to supply the island with cheap energy (a public service of utmost importance to tourism), the latter divested in tourism when it blithely sent the US$ 60 million obtained from the privatization of its power company to the National Treasury. Margarita’s hotels often spend more for power than they do in covering its payroll.

A real plan to promote tourism on the island would focus everyone on finding solutions for getting water to the island’s population and hotels cheaply and securely. This could, for example, be done either by installing a new pipeline under the sea from the mainland financed by multilateral entities or by offering to supply free or cheap gas which would permit the fueling of desalination plants that would not be ruinously expensive. Today, all we see are plans to install gas lines so as to be able to sell gas to the island at international prices.

Anyone that had a real interest in promoting tourism on Margarita would not allow the Bolivar to overvalue to the point that the only tourism promoted is the international tourism of Venezuelans.

Anyone that had a real interest in promoting tourism on Margarita would have offered fuel at marginal cost to all international flights that come from more that 1,000 kilometers away, that carry 100 tourists that will stay for over one week. In Europe, for every 100 units paid for gasoline by the consumer, only 10 goes to the producer of the same. I am sure that each barrel “given as a gift to tourism” would be economically more beneficial to the country than its direct sale.

More investment in Margarita would create more jobs. Instead, mediocre advisors recommend the application of the VAT for Margarita in the name of anti-national national solidarity and based on minor issues that only promote equality downwards. Even some representatives of the private sector applaud the application of another tax.

But all is not lost. On this marvelous island, where the ingenuity and genes of its native and assimilated population are put to work full time to confront all this adversity with spunk and elan, new promotional strategies are being designed and produced on a daily basis.

We are all aware of the fiscal pressures imposed on the European tourist at home. A new attraction is now being developed in Margarita; a new variant of adventure tourism called Fiscal Tourism.

Today, thanks to the VAT, Margarita can offer the European Tourist the tropical and liberating experience of being able to participate in tax evasion. Very soon, merchants on Margarita will offer Evasion Receipts, which will most surely be souvenirs, competing directly with any of the dried and lacquered fish sold at any souvenir shop in the Caribbean. 

Local groups are studying the possibility of raffling a citation by the SENIAT among every 5,000 tourists. It must be exciting for any German from Stuttgart to be able to frame and hang this citation from the tax authorities. This is much better than trophies such as the head of an African antelope no matter how wide its horns may be.

For Heaven’s sake, let us create some added value on the island before we think of taxing it!

http://ourcaribbean.blogspot.com/1999/05/not-much-added-value-to-tax-on.html

Of mangoes and bananas

For several reasons, the debate about the global economy has recently reminded me of fruit. The wise Henri Pitier wrote his Manual about Common Plants in Venezuela in 1926. In it he wrote the following about the mango:

"It is harvested in abundance, and there are many who, during the season in which they are ripe, dedicate all of their time to the search for this fruit which for some time then becomes their only source of nourishment, very often to the detriment of their health. One can vacillate, then, on deciding whether the introduction of this tree [from Asia] has been a blessing or a curse. The writer of these words is inclined to believe the latter since the mango leads to idleness, to the invasion of another’s property and to vagrancy; additionally, no matter how good or healthy it may be, when ingested in moderation, it sometimes provokes digestive disorders and is far from being wholesome food. It alters, then, both morality as well as public health." 

This interesting quotation shows us that, in addition to oil, the mango should be classified high on the list of culprits that have been the cause of our poor economic development. Most assuredly, in addition to the mango and oil, we must also add to this list the sun, the beaches and all those variables that undoubtedly make it easier to survive an economic recession in a tropical Caracas than in a wintry Moscow.

Since it seems evident that the simplicity of living in the tropics leads to laziness while the hardship of winter promotes the discipline and work ethics that have ultimately inspired today’s global economic development, it behooves us to view global warming with renewed preoccupation and from a totally new angle.

I belong to a group that is identified in Venezuela as Contemporary Adults (sounds better than middle-aged). This implies being up-to-date with current issues such as the environment. I have, with certain frequency made own individual observations about the evolution of global warming. Every Carnival weekend, for example, I stroll out to the beach in Margarita, the tropical Venezuelan island in the Caribbean Sea, in my most casual, monarchic pace, and with all seriousness and responsibility, take note of the width of the shore from the water line to the roadway. Even when I had terrible difficulty in finding a spot in which to anchor my garishly multicolored beach umbrella, I never really worried about it. I simply attributed this difficulty to the increased popularity of the island and not to an invasion by the oceans.

Today, however, I harbor serious doubts as to the validity of my method of measurement. Wherever I look I find evidence of the advanced state of warming in the world.

How else, other than by assuming a certain displacement toward the north of the geographical boundary of the Banana Republics, can we explain the opposite positions sustained by superpowers like Europe and the United States on the issue of bananas, as if they were some modern versions of Lilliput and Blefuscu.[i]

How else, other that by assuming the creation of climatic conditions conducive to the cultivation of mangos, can we understand why Japan has not been able to combat idleness and stimulate the reactivation of its economy? We have all read that Japan has reduced interest rates to an annual rate of one per one thousand. Can you imagine how impressed a botanist like Henri Pitier would be upon observing this unique specimen of a mango?

[i]PS. The current enormous fiscal and commercial deficits of the North might also lend further credibility to the thesis of the displacement of the parallel of the Banana Republics. 

From The Daily Journal, Caracas, March 12, 1999

Hit in the head by the SENECA sale

On Tuesday, September 14th, the power system of the State of Nueva Esparta, SENECA, was finally privatized. The Venezuelan Investment Fund (FIV) and Cadafe, both representing the Nation in this case, had established a base price for the sale of US$ 35 million. The price finally paid by the winning bidder was US$ 90 million, awarding the sellers a premium of US$ 55 million.

There is no doubt that this is a great achievement and it would be very selfish not to congratulate those involved in this transaction for a job well done. Evidently, this privatization bodes well for the supply of electricity for the State and in this sense its population can celebrate the happening.

I have, however, postulated time after time the thesis that the privatization of a public service company should be aimed at improving the service while minimizing the cost of the same for its users, and not at maximizing the central government’s income. It is in this sense, then, that I express the following reservations with regards to this particular transaction. I am not criticizing the privatization SENECA per se, but am raising the flag with regards to the ‘morning after’.

Evidently, should the SENECA have been sold for US$1, the tariffs for electricity required in order to amortize the investment would have been much lower.

Today’s financial community has awarded Republic of Venezuela long term debt a tax and project risk free return of over 20% per annum. In this sense, it would not be exaggerated to say that SENECA’s buyers will expect a return of at least 20% on their own investment.

This implies that Margarita will have to come up with US$ 18 million (i.e. 20% of US$ 90 million) every year and that this flow must come from the tariffs paid by the end users of the service. In tourism terms, this is like paying for a small brand new five star hotel every year. 

To this amount, we must also add the outlays represented by salaries, new investment, purchase of electricity and taxes.

It could very well be that this annual toll of US$ 18 million for the right to liberate itself from Cadafe’s management is actually a great deal for Margarita. However, since Cadafe and the FIV obtained US$ 90 million for the privatized entity while projecting tariffs on a base price of US$ 35 million, there is room for the following questions:

First: Who, if anyone, went overboard when promising potential investors what future tariff levels were to be paid by Margarita’s population? Who calculated these tariffs? Did they make a mistake? If so, was it made on purpose or was it simply incompetence? It is obvious that if the tariffs offered in the bid documents had been lower, the investors would not have put a premium of US$ 55 million on the table.

It bothers me to no end to be treated as a moron by public officials. When they maintain that they obtained this premium simply due to the excellence of their management of the transaction, I feel they are sticking their tongues out at all of us. Why then didn’t they establish a base price of US$ 25 million? The premium would then have been US$ 65 million instead of US$ 55 million. Why didn’t they offer an even higher tariff structure and obtain, say, US$ 120 million instead of US$ 90 million?

We obviously understand the laughter and back slapping by State officials. We can almost hear them say “Marvelous. We have gotten rid of the responsibility of the supply of power to the island. 

On top of this, we have received a front-end tax payment of US$ 90 million on top of all the other taxes we will be able to charge in the future! Nobody was the wiser for it! What a deal! Let’s do the next one!”

Second: If Cadafe and FIV say they would have been happy with the base price of US$ 35 million, why then, will the take the US$ 55 million premium away from the island? We must remember that the entire US$ 90 million, and specially the premium of US$ 55 million, will be ultimately footed by Margarita’s population.

Immediately after the sale, one official celebrated the event by saying he felt like Sammy Sosa of the baseball Chicago Cubs when he hit home run No. 61. As a user of the electrical system in Margarita, I felt more like I had been hit in the head by the very same baseball.

I suggest we analyze the possibility that the US$ 55 million premium by retained by the island. This would at least assuage some of the pain caused to my head by the falling baseball. Some direct benefit for the island could then be gleaned from the affair, for example, another pipeline for potable water. Evidently, if the entire US$ 90 million were left on the island, so much the better.

In summary, there is no doubt that as Venezuelan’s we should all be applauding the success of the privatization of SENE in the face of tough times. However, as an assimilated Margariteño, I find it difficult to celebrate since its cost, a mortgage of US$ 90 million, has been placed directly on the island’s shoulders.

Pay now and pray for the light

Over the years, the nation’s public sector has slowly but surely built up a relatively widespread infrastructure base. This was evidently financed basically by income from petroleum sales. Among these infrastructure systems we can find the Nueva Esparta State power and energy system (SENE). Today’s cash crunch has forced the government to study the possible sale of SENE by its owner, i.e. the Venezuelan Investment Fund (FIV), hoping thereby to recoup its investment.

SENE’s value today, as a power concession, is based more on the cash flows that are derived from the tariffs, than on the value of a bunch of electrical baggage. As a result of this, the FIV, in its role as seller, is interested in proving to potential buyers that there is a real possibility of charging high tariffs for its electricity.

FIV’s spokesmen have pegged SENE’s value in the market at US$ 100 million. Should this actually be the final value of the sale/purchase transaction, the island’s population, industry and commerce, whether they like it or not, will have to repay the investment, including corresponding dividends, by way of increased tariffs. The same happened with CANTV. Today’s high phone bills are a direct result of the elevated price paid the government by the investors that acquired the communications monopoly.

In the case of the Margarita power system, we must add the investments that are urgently required in order to provide satisfactory service to users on the island to the initial investment. The result is evident; a horrifyingly high electricity bill.

Any privatization of a public service should be aimed at insuring that a continuous and acceptable service is made available to its users, at a reasonable cost. On the contrary, the SENE privatization looks like a totally different concept, one in which the sale is used cover up ulterior fiscal necessities. This is clearly evidenced by the fact that the allocation will be made to that bidder that “offers the highest price, on strictly cash terms and without any financing from the Venezuelan State”.

On the FIV’s Web Page on the Internet, the agency declares that: “As far as the supply of primary energy to the before mentioned Island is concerned, the Economic Cabinet has decided that the winning bidder must present the National Executive, after the public bid, and no later than six months after the same, with an investment plan detailing the minimum cost associated with the delivery of the service, which must in turn reflect the tariffs to be applied”.

The above declaration, could in the layman’s terms be interpreted as saying “Pay us now and let us know within six months what you are going to do with regards to the Islands needs”. As such it would confirm the existing fiscal voracity and the general indifference of authorities with Margarita’s well being. I am one of the most arduous defenders of privatization around, and therefore I hereby express my most vehement protest.

In this same context, another example of fiscal voracity related to the Island’s needs is the gas pipeline. This alternative was never designed to include the possibility whereby the owner of the gas (Corpoven) would have to lay the pipeline in order to insure sales of the gas to Margarita. On the contrary, this alternative was always based on the scheme whereby the island was to pay for the pipeline in order to acquire the “right” to purchase the gas (nice guys, what?). Most assuredly, as instructed by the IMF, the price of this gas is to be pegged to international market levels.

Everyone is well aware that the energy problems on the Island must be solved, and quickly. I have been one of the victims of burnt-out compressors, rotten food in my refrigerator, etc, and therefore am among the first to assert that the costliest service is the bad one or worse, the one you don’t receive at all. However, I do believe that celerity is not incompatible with intelligence.

Before allowing the Venezuelan State to get rid of SENE and therefore of a responsibility, which it had taken upon itself voluntarily in the first place, in the search for political benefit, Nueva Esparta should request authorities to lay a submarine cable that would allow it to purchase cheap hydroelectric power from Edelca. This it is done in most other parts of the country, even in more remote areas such as the State of Zulia. We had also planned to do the same with exports of power to Brazil and Colombia. Why, then, not Margarita?

As a minimum, the Island should try to ensure that all income raised by the sale of SENE should be deposited in an escrow account aimed at financing sorely needed investments on the Island.

Electricity supply for Brazil

There comes a moment in life when one has to confront so many different problems that one doesn’t quite know where to start. The result is often that one begins by tackling a minor chore such as putting your bedside table drawer in order.

We have been reading during the past few months about the development of a project which will supply electricity to Brazil and which involves construction of extensive distribution systems. We don’t have many details about this project and it could indeed be an excellent one; we certainly hope so! However, we feel that it is of low priority, something like your bedside table drawer, and that it raises certain questions which could diminish its validity as a project.

I have no intention of joining the group of critics of the “I told you so” ilk who must now be gloating over the news of the negative effects El Niño will have on Venezuela’s hydroelectric generation capacity. Evidently, things like El Niño must completely alter any bases on which the project was developed, but since I consider the former to be an external and fortuitous event, I also feel it is an extremely poor foundation for criticism.

I must admit that my first reaction upon hearing about the project was sheer envy. This sentiment basically comes from my conviction that if we are to invest in transmission lines, the Island of Margarita for one, is probably more deserving than Brazil. I simply don’t understand how and why an important pole of development for the country such as Margarita is being forced into more expensive generation systems such as, for example, the time-worn idea of a gas pipeline from the mainline to the island, while we are simultaneously developing mega-projects in order to export power to Brazil.

You don’t have to be an expert in environmental affairs to suspect that a 217 Km. suspended power line which must be supported by 512 towers, each of them 36 meters high, spread out through environmentally sensitive areas such as the Canaima National Park, the Imataca Forest Reserve and the Southern Protection Zone of the State of Bolívar, must have serious implications. It is not enough to assert that there will be special care taken to camouflage the towers in order to reduce contrast with the horizon.

I propose that we study the possibility of a swap. A new power distribution system for Margarita, via suspended lines and submarine cables, in exchange for a gas pipeline (underground) to Brazil. The latter can then build it’s own power plants wherever and whenever it sees fit.

I may be accused of being Brazil’s enemy; I certainly am not! Venezuela has serious border problems for which it has not been able to develop a coherent policy. A power line aimed at developing an area in which we still do not have effective representation seems more like a humanitarian aid shipment of medicine, blankets and food parachuted into unknown neighboring foreign territory, thereby strengthening the latter’s hand without ensuring that our own side of the border is equally populated, developed and supplied.

How can a simple columnist dare comment on matters completely outside his direct scope of expertise? I believe the answer lies in the fact that it is not necessary to have technical know-how when the objective is to try to put projects into social perspective in such a way as to be able to analyze their priority for the country. We obtain proof on a daily basis that the country lacks a central entity who’s responsibility is the adequate allocation of priorities to projects in the pipeline. In this sense, it could be that the Brazilian project is valid, but would it not behoove us to analyze whether it is better and more important than others? A citizen that doesn’t raise questions is a citizen that will eventually end up with his photograph pasted on identity cards (cédulas) which would have cost us US$ 500 million.

One last comment. Frequent mention is made about an environmental impact study undertaken by a “specialized firm”. In cases such as the above, of such environmental importance for future generations, I would probably wish to know that the studies were entrusted to serious professionals with names and surnames rather than to an anonymous company. If we had the backup of names, cédula and telephone numbers and addresses, we could conceivably exact accountability from them; if anything, for the honor or shame of their descendants.

By the way, forty years ago, this responsibility would have been assumed by politicians personally. They would not be hiding behind the skirts of a political organization. If dictatorship in any way is superior to democracy it is because, at least in our country, dictators are held historically and directly more responsible for both good and bad; much more so than today’s executives of Political Party, C.A.

Energy in Venezuela

The local press has recently published articles referring to the presentation by the National Executive to the National Energy Commission of a document which will lay out the plans to finally eliminate Venezuela’s rentist mentality. This means, basically, that increases in tariffs and prices of fuel are around the corner.

It seems clear that this document, in addition to establishing the bases for justifying new sources of income for the central government, will once again promote the thesis that the principal rentists of Venezuelan society are the common citizens, not its politicians and governors.

The identity card debacle is still fresh in our minds. This is a classic example of parasitic behavior. The Government was ready to dish out a macro-investment of US$ 500 million to solve the problems with our national identification system rather than putting just a little bit of effort into developing realistic and sane administration of the latter.

One of the main arguments used in the aforementioned document has to do with efficient use of our natural resources. The gist of the matter is that we are basically to forego the comparative advantages given us by nature in the form of abundant oil, gas and hydroelectric energy. Faced with high utility bills, companies and citizens alike must learn how to optimize and make more efficient use of these resources. The prime example of inefficient use of energy the authors of the document could come up with is that the Venezuelan aluminum and steel industry uses three time the amount of energy used in Japan.

This logic does not necessarily make sense, since Venezuela has abundant energy resources while Japan does not. The mix of production inputs such as capital, raw material and labor are usually established according to the conditions in each country. Surely most people would much rather see our comparative advantages be biased in favor of cheap energy rather than on cheap wages. It seems we don’t see eye to eye with the current or previous Governments on this.

On top of this both the aluminum and the steel industry have been managed by the State. Could it not be possible that this supposed inefficiency in the use of energy resources be related more than anything else to poor government administration?

The final blow was the publication in the press (on the same day the news of the document broke) of the invitation to prequalify for the privatization process of the power generation system of the State of Nueva Esparta. The basic terms of the invitation clearly stipulates that 100% of the shares will be sold to the highest bidder, on a strictly cash basis and without financing by the Venezuelan State.

This undoubtedly means that the power generation system will be allocated to the candidate who guarantees maximum income for the Central Government (which basically means charging higher rates to insure a return) rather than to the bidder that offers the Margariteño the best service and the lowest tariffs. Again, as far as I can see, this is just another example of the parasitic fiscal planning that has cost Venezuela immense amounts of financial resources and time. Why should Margarita pay tariffs that are higher than the in the rest of the country and might even be higher that what Venezuela will charge Brazil and Colombia for our exports of electricity? This makes no sense either.

For example, the implications of drastic increases in electricity rates for the hotel industry are horrible. A hotel needs a supply of abundant and continuous energy and there are preciously few ways to increase efficiency unless there is an unlimited amount of capital available which, for example, would allow for the importation of efficient but costly airconditioners. Today, faced with depressed room rates due to a flood of state owned supply and the lack of steady transportation due to Viasa’s exit, Margarita’s tourism industry simply does not have these resources.

Finally, as a sweetener, the Government most generously promises to limit its fiscal appetite to levels established by export values. This implies that it is it’s intention to at least not take undue advantage of the monopolistic conditions that tend to skew prices. We will live, eternally gratified with the hope that our average Venezolano will not one day pay more for each kilowatt of power than the average citizen in Tokyo.