No remittances without representation!

The June 8 news article "In Guatemala, Harris offers stern words on corruption" reported extensively on Vice President Harris's travel to Guatemala, where the United States, by offering financial cooperation, hopes to reduce the flow of illegal migration from Central America and stimulate better behaviors, e.g., less corruption.

Though those financial contributions are indeed important, they are peanuts when compared with the remittances sent home by the migrant workers. The reality is that what the migrant workers from many Central American nations earn abroad is often much more than the gross domestic product of their home countries. The sad reality is that their remittances help to keep in power those ineffective governments that made them immigrate and that keeps them from going home.

If the United States really wants to help, then look to politically empower as much as possible those migrants in their homelands. For instance, should they not have an important direct representation in their respective congresses? No remittances without representation!

http://theamericanunion.blogspot.com/

A letter published in the Washington Post 

McPrison

An introduction to McPrison added in my book Voice and Noise, 2006 "Justice needs to begin with just prisons"

"Dear Friends. A couple of weeks ago I had the chance to participate in Madrid in a seminar about Judicial Reform in Latin America, and this made me publish the following article in my country, Venezuela. I wish to share it with you. I know the majestic emblems of power are important, but when I travel around in many countries and see all these new beautiful Supreme Court buildings mushrooming, and know about the horrendous, more horrendous, and most horrendous state of most of the prisons, I just feel that someone got it all upside down."

Here though is the original from 2004:

McPrison

 

Justice is something very difficult to understand with precision, since it is situated along a continuum that becomes finite only when it reaches Divine Justice. On the other hand, injustices are much easier to identify and, in our countries, prisons themselves represent one of the greatest injustices. 

In terms of the use of scarce resources, as an economist I am convinced that justice would today be much better served by improving prisons than by investing in Supreme Courts. I am not advocating, nor do I believe in, imported solutions. Moreover, if we were to respect individual rights defined as extravagantly as possible, for example, by guaranteeing in Venezuela access to justice similar to that O.J. Simpson had access to a few years ago in the United States, this would, because of the cost involved, be an affront to our human rights, collectively. 

Nonetheless, I believe in good examples, and I am sure that if prison franchises could be established in our countries we would all reap the benefits, as we are shamed into reforms. When we read that one factor making it particularly difficult for Schwarzenegger, the new Governor of California, to balance his state’s budget is the 28,500 dollars he has to spend each year on each of his 162,000 prisoners and that one of his options would be to use local private prison services, which would allow him to cut the cost to 17,000 dollars per prisoner per year, we see an opportunity. 

If California wants to save even more, it could do so by letting our countries offer prison services for some of its prisoners. Companies could build and operate prisons and would have to apply ISO 9000-type quality certifications. This would probably generate a set of global good prison practices that would benefit everyone. Nowadays, rapid transport and facilities such as videoconferences should make such proposals much more feasible. All that’s lacking is the will to carry them out. 

Since some people trace the origin of the violent maras (gangs) of Central America to Los Angeles, and since crime is to some degree attributed to the violence in films, perhaps California, its Governor, and even Hollywood all have a special motivation to welcome an initiative such as this one to help us help them. Besides, Schwarzenegger’s experience in the movies alone, which ranges from subduing criminals by force to teaching kindergarten, would seem to fit the ideal resume for a real super prison keeper. 

P.S. I just read in the press that Schwarzenegger refers to his experience in Kindergarten Cop as useful to handle the legislative branch in California… OK perhaps for that too. 

Translated from El Universal, July 15, 2004

PS. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-13

PS. The Federal Government reports that the average yearly cost for a jailed prisoner in US 2021 was $43,836 ($120.10 per day).

PS. 2021-22, in California, the annual average cost to incarcerate an inmate in prison is reported to be US$ 106.000

PS. Holy Moley! @NYCComptroller reports that the annual cost of incarceration in New York grew to $556,539 a person per year – or $1,525 each day:  I think that figure might be wrong, but no one reacts to it?

PS. Now, 2023, when with natural horror looking at the images of the prisons/imprisonments Nayib Bukele has ordered in El Salvador, I cannot but help wonder what could have happened if California had helped El Salvador to afford building more decent prisons...these McPrisons

PS. Or what would have happened if all the emigrants of El Salvador, those who keep its economy afloat, had been much more politically empowered.

PS. A 2024 tweet: When a society cannot any longer afford humane prisons with which combat growing criminality, what option does it have?

https://x.com/PerKurowski/status/1725551118657192224

Here it was echoed by El Tiempo Latino, a brother of Washington Post

Family Remittances

In recent publications of the World Bank and other multilateral organizations, there has been emphasis on the significance of family remittances for many developing countries, such as El Salvador, where these remittances reached $1,900 million dollars in 2001. This phenomenon has many bankers scrambled, trying to find out ways to attract part of the financial gains that such an influx represents, ranging from transfer services to the issuance of bonds backed by the projections of future remittances.

Likewise, they are studying the impact on a poor country when hundreds of thousands of its workers could be sent to developed countries on a temporary visa, where they could have access to greater remunerations which could even have a greater economic potential than the long-promised agricultural openness and liberalization.

After allowing their markets to be captured by external suppliers, after allowing free flow of resources, after forcing themselves to respect foreign income sources, such as intellectual property rights and patents, and finally, after many of its educated professionals have been captured by better economic gains somewhere else, poor countries, it would seem, have all the reasons to request greater access to global markets for their unskilled workforce.

Nevertheless, during our technical discussions, we should not forget the human aspect of migration, with the enormous incurred sacrifices and the generosity with which immigrants share their income with family members who were left behind. It has been more than 150 years since big groups of Europeans had to emigrate due to famine in their countries, among other reasons. They left their homes knowing that they would not see their parents, siblings, and everything they had known and cherished in their life. Even though today’s emigrants have in general greater possibilities of returning to their home countries, their vicissitudes are not necessarily negligible, since they are frequently victims of rejection and marginalization.

In this sense, all that is left to do is to stand in awe while observing the significant amount of transfers that Salvadorian emigrants, among many others, send to their homes nowadays. These are only one example of family values, traditions, and solidarity that our countries still possess. They might be poor in monetary terms, but thank God these countries are rich in human, family values.

From El Universal, Caracas, August 2003 

http://theamericanunion.blogspot.com/2003/08/family-remittances.html